• Antonio Guardiola-Arévalo, Mascort RocaJuanjoJMedicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de Atención Primaria Florida Sud, Institut Català de la Salut, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona; Departament de Ciències Clíniques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona; Gru, Mar Noguerol Álvarez, Ricard Carrillo Muñoz, Juan Manuel Mendive Arbeloa, and Javier Amador Romero.
• Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, y Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, Madrid; Grupo de trabajo de Digestivo de la SoMaMFyC; Grupo de trabajo de Patología digestiva y hepática de la semFYC, España. Electronic address: toniga2011@gmail.com.
• Aten Primaria. 2025 Jan 11; 57 (4): 103201103201.

AbstractThe small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a clinical disorder resulting from colonization of the small intestine by an excessive number of microorganisms or by unusual microorganisms. When they are methane producers it is called intestinal methanogen overgroth (IMO). Known risk factors are congenital or acquired anatomical alterations, motility alterations, some systemic and autoimmune diseases, those that cause alterations in biliopancreatic secretions, hypochlorhydria and some drugs. It causes abdominal pain and distension, bloating, diarrhea, nausea, and weight loss, which can occur in different diseases or with intestinal malabsorption. In IMO there may be constipation. Suggestive analytical data may be iron deficiency, anemia, deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins or B12. The breath test with detection of exhaled H2 is the most accessible technique, but requires rigorous performance and interpretation. The central treatment is oral antibiotics, rifaximin of choice, but they are empirical and should only be prescribed in the event of high clinical suspicion.Copyright © 2024. Publicado por Elsevier España S.L.U.

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