• Croatian medical journal · Dec 2024

    Review

    New-onset refractory status epilepticus after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a review of literature.

    • Athanasios Stavropoulos and Dimitrios Filippou.
    • Athanasios, Nafpliou 1 C, Gerakas 15344, Athens, Greece, stavrop.thanos@gmail.com.
    • Croat. Med. J. 2024 Dec 30; 65 (6): 510517510-517.

    AbstractAlthough severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) primarily affects the respiratory system, neurological symptoms were reported both during acute and post-acute COVID-19. Notably, patients with no history of epilepsy or other neurological conditions developed new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) weeks, months, or even up to a year following the viral infection. While NORSE is uncommon, it carries a high mortality rate and can result in permanent epilepsy. Therefore, clinicians should consider the possibility of death or epilepsy development when treating individuals with NORSE who have recently contracted SARS-CoV-2. This article compiles comprehensive information on the mechanisms of epileptogenesis linked to SARS-CoV-2, the diagnosis of NORSE syndrome, its treatment options, and associated outcomes. Our aim was to enhance physicians' understanding of the virus's pathogenesis and increase the awareness of NORSE.

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