• Xiaoming Pan, Jian Zou, Shizhou Yang, Yuanhe Wang, Jie Luo, and Xiaojun Zhu.
• Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2025 Jan 17; 104 (3): e41310e41310.

RationaleInflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare soft tissue neoplasm with low malignant potential. These patients present with a certain probability of malignant potential. The management of IMT has not been standardized, especially for the patients with fertility needs.Patient Concerns And DiagnosesThirteen patients with IMT who attended in the Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine were enrolled between 2019 and 2023. The data of the clinical and pathological features was analyzed.Interventions And OutcomesThe mean age of the patients was 45.31 ± 12.80 years. Seven of the 13 cases (53.85%) had abnormal uterine bleeding. Five of them (38.46%) had a rapidly growing mass, and 2 of them (15.38%) had no obvious symptoms. With regard to surgical strategies, 7 patients underwent hysterectomy, and 6 patients underwent mass resection only. All the patients were alive with no evidence of disease at an average of 9.58 months of follow-up. One of them gave birth to a full-term male infant at 40 weeks of gestation after hysteroscopic resection, without recurrence.LessonsUterine inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor can be diagnosed by the anaplastic lymphoma kinase overexpression. Complete excision under hysteroscopy or laparoscopy seems to be effective and safe. Because there is a certain risk of recurrence and metastasis, conservative surgery should be performed carefully to preserve fertility in patients who can undergo close follow-up.Copyright © 2025 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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