• Ya-Dong Wang, Jin-Feng Lin, Zhi-Long Cao, Su-Yan Zhang, and Xu-Dong Han.
• Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nantong Third People's Hospital, Nantong, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2025 Jan 31; 104 (5): e41298e41298.

RationaleCardiac arrest (CA) is a life-threatening event with a high mortality rate, and neurological injury following cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a leading cause of death and disability in survivors. While prolonged CPR is often associated with poor neurological outcomes, there is limited evidence of successful recovery following extended resuscitation efforts. This study aims to highlight the potential for recovery after prolonged CPR by reporting a case of a patient who underwent 152 minutes of CPR, regained consciousness, and made a full recovery. The purpose is to explore whether advanced life-support techniques, such as extracorporeal CPR (ECPR), can improve survival and neurological outcomes even after prolonged CA.Patient ConcernsA 53-year-old man with no prior health issues experienced sudden CA while exercising and underwent prolonged CPR.DiagnosesRestoration of spontaneous circulation following CA and ventricular fibrillation.InterventionsECPR, target temperature management, continuous renal replacement therapy, and intracranial pressure management.OutcomesImmediate recovery: following the restoration of spontaneous circulation, the patient was immediately transferred to the intensive care unit for further treatment. Despite the prolonged CPR duration, the patient remained hemodynamically stable and was able to tolerate the intensive interventions. Neurological recovery: after 1 week of intensive therapy, the patient regained consciousness. Initially, there was some confusion and disorientation, but he gradually became fully alert, oriented, and communicative. Neurological assessments indicated no significant long-term deficits, and brain imaging showed no signs of irreversible damage. Cardiological and renal recovery: cardiac function was closely monitored, with no evidence of significant ischemic damage to the myocardium. The patient's renal function improved with continuous renal replacement therapy, and kidney function returned to normal following the discontinuation of dialysis. Discharge: after 2 weeks of treatment in the intensive care unit and a transfer to the cardiology department for rehabilitation, the patient was discharged from the hospital. He had fully recovered both neurologically and physiologically, with no residual deficits.LessonsThis case demonstrates that prolonged CPR, when combined with advanced interventions such as ECPR, can result in favorable outcomes, including survival and neurological recovery. The findings suggest that with timely and appropriate treatment, even patients with extended resuscitation efforts may achieve full recovery, thus underscoring the potential of ECPR as a critical life-saving intervention in cases of prolonged CA.Copyright © 2025 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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