• Jeffrey W Surcouf, Sheila W Chauvin, Jenelle Ferry, Tong Yang, and Brian Barkemeyer.
• Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA. jsurco@lsuhsc.edu
• Med Educ Online. 2013 Jan 1;18:1-7.

BackgroundAlmost half of pediatric third-year residents surveyed in 2000 had never led a resuscitation event. With increasing restrictions on residency work hours and a decline in patient volume in some hospitals, there is potential for fewer opportunities.PurposeOur primary purpose was to test the hypothesis that an unannounced mock resuscitation in a high-fidelity in-situ simulation training program would improve both residents' self-confidence and observed performance of adopted best practices in neonatal resuscitation.MethodsEach pediatric and medicine-pediatric resident in one pediatric residency program responded to an unannounced scenario that required resuscitation of the high fidelity infant simulator. Structured debriefing followed in the same setting, and a second cycle of scenario response and debriefing occurred before ending the 1-hour training experience. Measures included pre- and post-program confidence questionnaires and trained observer assessments of live and videotaped performances.ResultsStatistically significant pre-post gains for self-confidence were observed for 8 of the 14 NRP critical behaviors (p=0.00-0.03) reflecting knowledge, technical, and non-technical (teamwork) skills. The pre-post gain in overall confidence score was statistically significant (p=0.00). With a maximum possible assessment score of 41, the average pre-post gain was 8.28 and statistically significant (p<0.001). Results of the video-based assessments revealed statistically significant performance gains (p<0.0001). Correlation between live and video-based assessments were strong for pre-post training scenario performances (pre: r=0.64, p<0.0001; post: r=0.75, p<0.0001).ConclusionsResults revealed high receptivity to in-situ, simulation-based training and significant positive gains in confidence and observed competency-related abilities. Results support the potential for other applications in residency and continuing education.

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