• Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2002

    Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial

    The effect of fentanyl on the emergence characteristics after desflurane or sevoflurane anesthesia in children.

    • Ira Todd Cohen, Julia C Finkel, Raafat S Hannallah, Kelly A Hummer, and Kantilal M Patel.
    • Department of Anesthesiology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA. icohen@cnmc.org
    • Anesth. Analg. 2002 May 1;94(5):1178-81, table of contents.

    UnlabelledDesflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia are associated with emergence agitation in children. In this study, we examined the effect of a single intraoperative dose of fentanyl on emergence characteristics in children undergoing adenoidectomy. One hundred children, 2-7 yr old, were randomly assigned to receive desflurane or sevoflurane for maintenance of general anesthesia after an inhaled induction with sevoflurane and a 2.5 microg/kg dose of fentanyl. An observer blind-ed to the anesthetic technique assessed the times to achieve emergence, extubation and recovery criteria, as well as emergence behaviors. The results showed a similar incidence of severe emergence agitation after general anesthesia with desflurane (24%) and sevoflurane (18%). Times to achieve extubation and postanesthesia care unit discharge criteria were shorter with desflurane than with sevoflurane. With this technique, desflurane allows for a more rapid emergence and recovery than sevoflurane. In children receiving desflurane or sevoflurane, the concurrent use of fentanyl in a dose of 2.5 microg/kg results in a small incidence of emergence agitation.ImplicationsThe concurrent use of fentanyl in a dose of 2.5 microg/kg in children receiving desflurane or sevoflurane results in a low incidence of emergence agitation. Desflurane allows for a more rapid emergence and recovery than sevoflurane.

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