• Liqun Yang, Nigel R Jones, Peter C Blumbergs, Corinna Van Den Heuvel, Emma J Moore, Jim Manavis, Ghafar T Sarvestani, and Mounir N Ghabriel.
• Department of Surgery (Neurosurgery), Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, SA, Australia. Yangliqun98@hotmail.com
• J Clin Neurosci. 2005 Apr 1;12(3):276-84.

AbstractThe post-traumatic inflammatory response in acute spinal cord contusion injury was studied in the rat. Mild and severe spinal cord injury (SCI) was produced by dropping a 10 g weight from 3 and 12 cm at the T12 vertebral level. Increased immunoreactivity of TNF-alpha in mild and severe SCI was detected in neurons at 1 h post-injury, and in neurons and microglia at 6 h post-injury, with a less significant increase in mild SCI. Expression was short-lived and declined sharply by 1 d post-injury. RT-PCR showed an early significant up-regulation of IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha mRNAs, maximal at 6 h post-injury with return to control levels by 24 h post-injury, the changes being less statistically significantly in mild SCI. Western blot showed early transient increases of IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha proteins in severe SCI but not mild SCI. Immunocytochemical, western blotting and RT-PCR analyses suggest that endogenous cells (neurons and microglia) in the spinal cord, not blood-borne leucocytes, contribute to IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha production in the post-traumatic inflammatory response and that their up-regulation is greater in severe than mild SCI.

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