• Rogean Rodrigues Nunes, Victor Camarão Porto, Vivianne Trevia Miranda, Nayanna Quezado de Andrade, and Lara Moreira Mendes Carneiro.
• Hospital São Carlos, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. rogean@fortalnet.com.br
• Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2012 May 1;62(3):365-74.

Background And ObjectivesThe intraoperative awareness is an adverse event in the general anesthesia, and may occur in approximately 20,000 cases per year, which justifies the study of the risk factors for this event. The objective of this study was to review this subject in order to reduce the incidence of intraoperative awareness and psychological sequelae incurring from this incident, which may result in post-traumatic stress disorder with negative repercussions on the surgical patient social, psychic and functional development.ContentIt was conducted a review of the intraoperative awareness assessing its different phases during general anesthesia such as dreaming, wakefulness, explicit and implicit memory, as well as the analysis, consequences and prevention of its main related factors.ConclusionsThe reduction of awareness incidence during anesthesia is related to the anesthesiologist improved scientific and technical performance, involving issues such as monitoring, comprehension of the anesthesia activity components, hypnotic and analgesic drugs, neuromuscular blocking agents, autonomic and motor reflex control, in addition to the risk factors involved in this event.Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

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