• Paul E Mintken, Joshua A Cleland, Julie M Whitman, and Steven Z George.
• University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. Paul.mintken@ucdenver.edu
• Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2010 Jul 1;91(7):1128-36.

ObjectiveTo investigate the reliability and validity of 2 commonly used measures of pain related fear in patients with shoulder pain.DesignA preplanned secondary analysis of a prospective single-arm trial involving a repeated-measures design.SettingOutpatient physical therapy clinics.ParticipantsPatients (N=80) with a primary report of shoulder pain.InterventionAll patients completed the outcome measures at baseline and at follow-up.Main Outcome MeasuresPatients completed a modified Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), the 11-item version of Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-11), and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) at baseline and at a 48-hour follow-up. Patients were dichotomized as improved or stable at follow-up based on the Global Rating of Change.ResultsFactor analysis indicated 3 stable factors for the FABQ and 1 stable factor for the TSK-11. Shoulder specific scoring for the FABQ and TSK-11 were used in subsequent analyses. Test-retest reliability intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was substantial for the FABQ and the TSK-11. The FABQ correlated significantly with SPADI pain and disability scores, while the TSK-11 correlated significantly only with SPADI pain scores. The shoulder-specific FABQ-W (work beliefs subscale) was a better than chance predictor of missing days of work during the 48-hour study period.ConclusionsThe modified FABQ and TSK-11 may be appropriate for use in patients with shoulder pain. Shoulder-specific scoring of these measures resulted in substantial test-retest reliability, and the FABQ correlated with the SPADI for pain and disability. The FABQ also showed potential for prediction of short-term work loss in this sample. Pain-related fear may be an important variable in patients with shoulder pain and merits future consideration in longitudinal studies.Copyright 2010 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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