• Critical care medicine · Apr 2006

    Comment Randomized Controlled Trial

    Benefit of an enteral diet enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid and gamma-linolenic acid in ventilated patients with acute lung injury.

    • Pierre Singer, Myriam Theilla, Haran Fisher, Lilly Gibstein, Elad Grozovski, and Jonathan Cohen.
    • Department of General Intensive Care, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tiqva and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
    • Crit. Care Med. 2006 Apr 1;34(4):1033-8.

    ObjectiveTo explore the effects of an enteral diet enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), and antioxidants on the respiratory profile and outcome of patients with acute lung injury.DesignSingle-center, prospective, randomized, controlled, unblinded study.SettingGeneral intensive care department of a tertiary-care, university-affiliated hospital.PatientsA total of 100 patients with acute lung injury, diagnosed according to the American-European Consensus Conference on ARDS.InterventionsPatients were randomized to receive the standard isonitrogenous, isocaloric enteral diet or the standard diet supplemented with EPA and GLA for 14 days.Measurements And Main ResultsPatient demographics, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, and type of admission were noted at admission. Compared with baseline oxygenation (EPA + GLA group vs. control group), by days 4 and 7, patients receiving the EPA + GLA diet showed significant improvement in oxygenation (PaO(2)/FIO(2), 317.3 +/- 99.5 vs. 214.3 +/- 56.4 and 296.5 +/- 165.3 vs. 236.3 +/- 79.8, respectively; p < .05). Compliance was significantly higher in the EPA + GLA group observed at day 7 (55.1 +/- 46.5 vs. 35.2 +/- 20.0 mL/mbar, p < .05). No significant difference was found in nutritional variables. Resting energy expenditure was significantly higher in patients in the EPA + GLA group, but their body mass index was also higher (p < .05). A significant difference was found in length of ventilation (p < .04) in favor of the EPA + GLA group. There was no between-group difference in survival.ConclusionsIn patients with acute lung injury, a diet enriched with EPA + GLA may be beneficial for gas exchange, respiratory dynamics, and requirements for mechanical ventilation.

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