• Thitiwat Suvachananonda, Amara Wankham, Sirada Srihirun, Pansakorn Tanratana, Supeenun Unchern, Suthat Fucharoen, Ampaiwan Chuansumrit, Nongnuch Sirachainan, and Nathawut Sibmooh.
• Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
• Nitric Oxide. 2013 Sep 1;33:1-5.

AbstractNitrite anion is bioactive nitric oxide (NO) species circulating in blood, and represents the NO bioavailability and endothelial function. In this study, we aimed to investigate the nitrite levels and the correlation with hemolysis and severity in β-thalassemia/hemoglobin E (β-thal/HbE). 38 Children (12.0±1.9 years of age) with a diagnosis of mild, moderate and severe β-thalassemia were enrolled in the study. The blood nitrite levels and potential plasma NO consumption were measured by the chemiluminescence method. The nitrite levels in whole blood and erythrocytes of the severe thalassemia subjects were lower than those of the control subjects. At day 7 after transfusion of packed erythrocytes, the nitrite levels in erythrocytes increased. The plasma hemoglobin and NO consumption increased in the severe thalassemia subjects. The nitrite levels in erythrocytes inversely correlated with plasma hemoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase activity, potential NO consumption, and lipid peroxidation. Our studies demonstrate the decreased NO bioavailability in thalassemia, which could result from endothelial dysfunction, the increased potential NO consumption in plasma by cell-free hemoglobin and oxidative stress.Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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