• Yee-Fun Lee, Chou-Ching Lin, Jung-Sung Cheng, and Gin-Shin Chen.
• Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.
• Ultrasound Med Biol. 2015 Jan 1;41(1):132-42.

AbstractPatients with diabetic neuropathy often have neuropathic pain. The purpose of our work was to investigate the effects of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on the conduction block of normal and neuropathic nerves for soothing pain. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used, and diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection. Diabetic neuropathy was evaluated with animal behavior tests. Sciatic nerves of both control and neuropathic rats were dissected from the starting point of the sciatic nerve to the point where the sural nerve ends near the ankle. The nerves were stored in Ringer's solution. The in vitro nerve was placed on a self-developed experimental platform for HIFU exposure. Stimulation and recording of the compound action potentials (CAPs) and sensory action potentials (SAPs) were performed. Control and neuropathic nerves exposed or not exposed to HIFU were submitted to histologic analysis. For the control and neuropathic nerves, suppression of CAPs and SAPs started 2 min post-HIFU treatment. Maximum suppression of SAPs was 34.4 ± 3.2% for the control rats and 11.6 ± 2.0% and 9.8 ± 3.0% for rats 4 wk post-injection and 8 wk post-injection, respectively. Time to full recovery was 25, 70 and 80 min, respectively. Histologic analysis revealed that the nerves in which CAPs and SAPs did not fully recover were damaged thermally or mechanically by HIFU. It is feasible to reversibly block nerves with appropriate HIFU treatment. Diabetic nerves were less suppressed by HIFU and were more vulnerable to permanent damage.Copyright © 2015 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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