• Henning Richter, Michael Plecko, Daniel Andermatt, Robert Frigg, Peter W Kronen, Karina Klein, Katja Nuss, Stephen J Ferguson, Ulrich Stöckle, and Brigitte von Rechenberg.
• Musculoskeletal Research Unit (MSRU), Equine Hospital, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland. E-mail address for H. Richter: henning.richter@uzh.ch. E-mail address for K. Klein: kklein@vetclinics.uzh.ch. E-mail address for K. Nuss: katja.nuss@vetclinics.uzh.ch. E-mail address for B. von Rechenberg: bvonrechenberg@vetclinics.uzh.ch.
• J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2015 Feb 4;97(3):208-15.

BackgroundLocking plates are widely used in fracture fixation, mainly for meta-diaphyseal fractures, comminuted fractures, fractures with a critical-size bone defect, periprosthetic fractures, osteotomies, and fractures in osteoporotic bone. The aim of this animal study was to evaluate the effect on bone-healing of dynamization of locking plate constructs by means of new 5.0-mm dynamic locking screws (in the DLS group), which allow near-cortex micromotion, compared with a more rigid construct utilizing standard bicortical locking-head screws (in the LS group). Use of dynamic locking screws allows modulation of the stiffness of existing locking compression plate systems via parallel interfragmentary micromotion.MethodsA standardized diaphyseal tibial osteotomy (90°, 3-mm fracture gap) was performed and stabilized with a six-hole large-fragment locking compression plate in twelve female sheep (six in each group). Radiographs were made postoperatively and then weekly from week three until sacrifice at nine weeks. Macroscopic, biomechanical, histologic, and radiographic assessments and microcomputed tomography were performed.ResultsThe callus in the tested specimens in the DLS group had better biomechanical stability, with a significantly greater maximum failure moment (mean and standard deviation [SD] as a percentage of intact, 55.15 ± 20.65 compared with 26.80 ± 14.96 in the LS group; p = 0.021). The DLS group also had greater periosteal callus volume at the near cortex (mean volume and SD as a percentage of the tibial shaft volume, 36.21% ± 10.08% compared with 18.98% ± 8.61% in the LS group; p = 0.026) and in the intercortical region (mean volume and SD as a percentage of the bone volume of the tibial shaft, 3.56% ± 0.52% compared with 2.64% ± 0.98% in the LS group; p = 0.045), as shown by microcomputed tomography. The DLS group also had significantly greater torsional stiffness (mean and SD as a percentage of intact, 84.88 ± 13.51 compared with 58.89 ± 20.61 in the LS group; p = 0.027).ConclusionsControlled micromotion and nearly homogeneous interfragmentary strain at the fracture site, together with the stable bicortical fixation achieved by the new dynamic locking screw, led to more uniform callus formation, significantly more callus formation at the near cortex, and biomechanically more competent bone-healing compared with use of rigid locking plate constructs with locking-head screws.Copyright © 2015 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Incorporated.

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