• Chirag R Parikh, Heather Thiessen-Philbrook, Amit X Garg, Deepak Kadiyala, Michael G Shlipak, Jay L Koyner, Charles L Edelstein, Prasad Devarajan, Uptal D Patel, Michael Zappitelli, Catherine D Krawczeski, Cary S Passik, Steven G Coca, and TRIBE-AKI Consortium.
• Program of Applied Translational Research, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA. chirag.parikh@yale.edu
• Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013 Jul 1;8(7):1079-88.

Background And ObjectivesAKI is common and novel biomarkers may help provide earlier diagnosis and prognosis of AKI in the postoperative period.Design, Setting, Participants, & MeasurementsThis was a prospective, multicenter cohort study involving 1219 adults and 311 children consecutively enrolled at eight academic medical centers. Performance of two urine biomarkers, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP), alone or in combination with other injury biomarkers during the perioperative period was evaluated. AKI was defined as doubling of serum creatinine or need for acute dialysis.ResultsKIM-1 peaked 2 days after surgery in adults and 1 day after surgery in children, whereas L-FABP peaked within 6 hours after surgery in both age groups. In multivariable analyses, the highest quintile of the first postoperative KIM-1 level was associated with AKI compared with the lowest quintile in adults, whereas the first postoperative L-FABP was not associated with AKI. Both KIM-1 and L-FABP were not significantly associated with AKI in adults or children after adjusting for other kidney injury biomarkers (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and IL-18). The highest area under the curves achievable for discrimination for AKI were 0.78 in adults using urine KIM-1 from 6 to 12 hours, urine IL-18 from day 2, and plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin from day 2 and 0.78 in children using urine IL-18 from 0 to 6 hours and urine L-FABP from day 2.ConclusionsPostoperative elevations of KIM-1 associate with AKI and adverse outcmes in adults but were not independent of other AKI biomarkers. A panel of multiple biomarkers provided moderate discrimination for AKI.

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