• F Parramon, Ch García, P Gambús, J Vilaplana, N Aragonés, and A Villalonga.
• Servei d'Anestesiologia, Reanimació i Terapeutica del Dolor, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Avd. França, s/n, 17001 Girona. anestesia@htrueta.scs.es/fparramon@comg.es
• Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2003 Aug 1;50(7):326-31.

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and side effects of epidural and intravenous methadone for postoperative patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) after thoracic surgery.Patients And MethodsA randomized, single-blind trial enrolling 30 patients distributed in 2 groups to receive intravenous methadone (ivPCA group) or epidural methadone (epPCA group). Patients in both groups were administered a loading dose of 0.05 mg.kg-1 followed by infusion of 0.5 mg.h-1. The patients could self-dose 0.5 mg with a lock-out interval of 10 minutes and a maximum of 4 doses per hour. Patient characteristics, type and duration of surgery and fentanyl dose were recorded. Pain was assessed on a visual analog scale (VAS). Level of sedation, respiratory rate and occurrence of nausea, vomiting and pruritus were also recorded over the first 24 hours.ResultsThe 2 groups were comparable. Pain was greater in the ivPCA group than in the epPCA group in the second hour (VAS 3.93 +/- 1.9 and 2.4 +/- 1.65, respectively; P < .05) and the third hour (VAS 3.57 +/- 1.65 and 1.5 +/- 1.16, respectively; P < .05). The total dose of methadone administered was 25.34 +/- 5.65 mg in the ivPCA group and 18.82 +/- 3.52 mg in the epPCA group (P < .002). There were no significant differences in side effects.ConclusionsThe results suggest that epidural methadone has an intrinsic spinal effect regardless of whether or not there is extra-spinal action arising from syste mic absorption. Epidural methadone provides a more adequate analgesic effect in less time and at a lower dose. Both approaches provide good postoperative analgesia with few side effects.

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