• Seong-Ho Ok, Chang-Shin Park, Hye Jung Kim, Soo Hee Lee, Bo-Hwa Choi, So Young Eun, Kyung-Nam Kim, Seong Min Yang, Il-Woo Shin, Mun-Jeoung Choi, and Ju-Tae Sohn.
• Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, 660-702, Republic of Korea.
• Cardiovasc. Toxicol. 2013 Dec 1;13(4):370-80.

AbstractThe goals of this study were to determine which lipid emulsion (Intralipid(®) and Lipofundin MCT/LCT(®)) is more effective in reversing high-dose levobupivacaine-induced reduced vasoconstriction in isolated rat aortas and to examine the associated cellular mechanisms with a particular focus on the endothelium. Two lipid emulsion concentration-response curves were generated using high-dose levobupivacaine-induced reduced vasoconstriction and vasodilation of isolated aortas pretreated with or without 60 mM KCl. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and caveolin-1 phosphorylation were measured in rat aortic tissue treated with levobupivacaine in the presence or absence of lipid emulsion. Dichlorofluorescein oxidation, a measure of reactive oxygen species production, was measured in lipid emulsion-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In levobupivacaine (0.3 mM)-induced reduced vasoconstriction of isolated aorta, the magnitude of the Intralipid(®)- and Lipofundin MCT/LCT(®)-mediated reversal was not significantly different. Lipid emulsion reversal of levobupivacaine-induced reduced vasoconstriction was greater in endothelium-intact aortas than in endothelium-denuded aortas. The two lipid emulsions similarly inhibited levobupivacaine-induced eNOS phosphorylation in aortic tissue. Pretreatment with both lipid emulsions increased dichlorofluorescein oxidation. Both Intralipid(®) and Lipofundin MCT/LCT(®) are equally effective for vascular tone recovery from high-dose levobupivacaine-induced reduced vasoconstriction. This reversal is mediated partially by decreasing nitric oxide bioavailability.

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