• Ryosuke Tsuruta, Motoki Fujita, Tsuyoshi Maekawa, Ikuro Maruyama, Yoshikatsu Kawamura, Tomonori Izumi, and Shunji Kasaoka.
• Advanced Medical Emergency and Critical Care Center, Yamaguchi University Hospital, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan. yasutaka-ygc@umin.ac.jp
• Resuscitation. 2012 Aug 1;83(8):1006-12.

ObjectivesTo investigate whether high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and S100B in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the serum predict the neurological outcome in patients resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).Materials And MethodsThis study was designed as a prospective observational study. Twenty-five patients, who received standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation and post-resuscitation intensive care, were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into two groups according to Glasgow-Pittsburgh Cerebral Performance categories (CPCs) at 6 months after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), Group G (n = 7, CPC 1 or 2) and Group P (n = 18, CPC ≥ 3). Their blood samples were taken at 6, 24, and 48h after ROSC. The patients, whose CSF was sampled at 48h, were also divided into either sub-Group G (n = 6) or sub-Group P (n = 8) at 6 months after ROSC.ResultsHMGB1 and S100B in CSF in sub-Group P were significantly higher than those in sub-Group G (HMGB1, <1.0 vs. 12.4 ng/ml, P = 0.009; S100B, 2.68 vs. 84.2 ng/ml, P = 0.007, respectively). HMGB1 in CSF was strongly correlated with S100B (σ = 0.81, P = 0.001). HMGB1 was elevated in serum at 6h and normalized within 48 h after ROSC without any significant differences between the two groups. Serum S100B in Group P was significantly higher than that in Group G at each time point.ConclusionsThe significant elevations of HMGB1 and S100B in CSF, and S100B in serum are associated with the neurologically poor outcome in OHCA patients.Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

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