• Anjolie Chhabra, Rashmi Pandey, Mamta Khandelwal, Rajeshwari Subramaniam, and Surbhi Gupta.
• Deparment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Eye Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Dehli, India. anjolie5@hotmail.com
• Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2005 Jan 1; 30 (1): 43-7.

Background And ObjectivesPostoperative emesis after pediatric strabismus surgery continues to be a problem, despite the use of antiemetics. The purpose of this study was to identify an anesthetic technique associated with the lowest incidence of vomiting after pediatric strabismus surgery.MethodsA prospective, randomized, double-blind study was conducted to evaluate the effect of intravenous fentanyl, meperidine, or peribulbar block with propofol infusion on emesis in 105 pediatric patients undergoing strabismus surgery. Anesthesia was maintained with nitrous oxide, oxygen, and propofol infusion. Ketorolac 1.0 mg/kg -1 intramuscular was administered to all patients after induction. Patients were given either a peribulbar block, intravenous fentanyl 2 microg/kg -1 , or intravenous meperidine 1mg/kg -1 for perioperative analgesia. The emesis scores were observed for the first 24 hours postoperatively.ResultsThe incidence of emesis was significantly lower (1 of 35; 2.9%) in the peribulbar group compared with the meperidine group (9 of 35; 25.6%) (P <.01) in the first 24 hours. The fentanyl group had a higher incidence of postoperative vomiting (4 of 35; 11.4%) than did the peribulbar group; the difference, however, was not statistically significant.ConclusionAmong the three techniques, peribulbar block with propofol-based anesthesia is the technique with the lowest incidence of postoperative emesis. Fentanyl-propofol is an equally acceptable alternative; however, meperidine-propofol is associated with a high incidence of postoperative emesis.

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