• Javier Z Guzman, Holt S Cutler, James Connolly, Branko Skovrlj, Thomas E Mroz, K Daniel Riew, and Samuel K Cho.
• *Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY †Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH ‡Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
• Spine. 2015 Oct 15.

Study DesignCritical review of the current literature OBJECTIVE.: The purpose of this study was to determine frequency, trends and methods of utilization of spine-related PROIsover the last 10 years.Summary Of Background DataPatient-reported outcome instruments (PROIs) have become the gold standard to assess the efficacy of various medical and surgical treatments. Currently, however, there is an expansive range of PROIswithout a clear consensus or guideline addressing which PROIs should be used for a particular diagnosis or surgical intervention.MethodsA PubMed search was conducted from 2004-2013 of five orthopaedic journals (The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, The Bone and Joint Journal, The Spine Journal, The European Spine Journal and Spine) that publish spine articles, chosen on the basis of readership and impact factor. Journal abstracts were inspected for spine surgery and inclusion of at least one PROI. All articles containing PROIs and investigating a surgical intervention with a level of evidence (LOE) 1-4 were included for analysis. Article title, level of evidence, journal and chosen PROI were recorded for selected articles.ResultsOut of 19,736 articles published in our selected time frame, 1,079 utilized PROIs. Most studies were LOE 4 (32.7%). Nearly half (48.9%) of all articles addressed degenerative thoracolumbar conditions. In total, there were 206 unique PROIs in the studies chosen for inclusion. The top 6 instruments utilized were the (1) Visual Analog Scale, (2) Oswestry Disability Index, (3) Short Form-36, (4) Japanese Orthopaedic Association Outcome Questionnaire, (5) Neck Disability Index and (6) Scoliosis Research Society-22.ConclusionThe breadth of PROIs in spine surgery is extensive. Although there are preferred patient-reported outcome measures, a consensus or guideline addressing which instruments should be used for a particular diagnosis or procedure may be warranted.Level Of Evidence4.

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