• Jordi Rodon, Hussein A Tawbi, Anne L Thomas, Ronald G Stoller, Christian P Turtschi, Jose Baselga, John Sarantopoulos, Devalingam Mahalingam, Yaping Shou, Melissa A Moles, Lin Yang, Camille Granvil, Eunju Hurh, Kristine L Rose, Dereck D Amakye, Reinhard Dummer, and Alain C Mita.
• Authors' Affiliations: Vall d'Hebron Institut d'Oncologia and Universitat Autonoma of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Institute for Drug Development, Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts; and Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey.
• Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Apr 1;20(7):1900-9.

PurposeThis phase I trial was undertaken to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary antitumor activity of the novel smoothened inhibitor sonidegib (LDE225), a potent inhibitor of hedgehog signaling, in patients with advanced solid tumors.Experimental DesignOral sonidegib was administered to 103 patients with advanced solid tumors, including medulloblastoma and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), at doses ranging from 100 to 3,000 mg daily and 250 to 750 mg twice daily, continuously, with a single-dose pharmacokinetics run-in period. Dose escalations were guided by a Bayesian logistic regression model. Safety, tolerability, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and biomarkers in skin and tumor biopsies were assessed.ResultsThe MTDs of sonidegib were 800 mg daily and 250 mg twice daily. The main DLT of reversible grade 3/4 elevated serum creatine kinase (18% of patients) was observed at doses ≥ the MTD in an exposure-dependent manner. Common grade 1/2 adverse events included muscle spasm, myalgia, gastrointestinal toxicities, increased liver enzymes, fatigue, dysgeusia, and alopecia. Sonidegib exposure increased dose proportionally up to 400 mg daily, and displayed nonlinear pharmacokinetics at higher doses. Sonidegib exhibited exposure-dependent reduction in GLI1 mRNA expression. Tumor responses observed in patients with medulloblastoma and BCC were associated with evidence of hedgehog pathway activation.ConclusionsSonidegib has an acceptable safety profile in patients with advanced solid tumors and exhibits antitumor activity in advanced BCC and relapsed medulloblastoma, both of which are strongly associated with activated hedgehog pathway, as determined by gene expression.©2014 AACR.

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