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- J F Keck, J E Gerkensmeyer, B A Joyce, and J G Schade.
- Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, USA.
- J Pediatr Nurs. 1996 Dec 1;11(6):368-74.
AbstractReliability and validity of the Faces and Word Descriptor Scales to measure pain in verbal children undergoing painful procedures were assessed. Test-retest reliability and construct and discriminant validity were supported for both instruments among a sample of 118 children in three age groups (3-7, 8-12, 13-18). Construct validity was determined by comparisons with a visual analogue scale and a numerical scale with known validity. A majority of the children preferred to use the Faces scale when providing self-report of pain regardless of age. The Faces and Word Descriptor Scales are valid and reliable instruments to measure procedural pain intensity.
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