• Jonathan Graff-Radford, David T Jones, Rajiv K Pruthi, and Kelly D Flemming.
• Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
• Neurocrit Care. 2013 Feb 1;18(1):93-5.

BackgroundUterine leiomyoma (or fibroid) can be associated with secondary polycythemia and venous thrombosis, but there has been no report of intracranial venous thrombosis associated with leiomyoma.MethodsWe describe a case report of a cerebral venous thrombosis associated with erythrocytosis and a uterine fibroid in a non-smoking female with no history of malignancy or hormone use. The hemoglobin and erythropoietin normalized after removal of her uterine fibroid.ResultsMRI/MRV of this 60-year-old cephalalgic female revealed extensive thrombus throughout the sagittal sinus and right transverse sinus. CT of the abdomen revealed a 16 × 13 × 12 cm solid mass arising for the uterus consistent with a uterine fibroid. PET scan was negative for malignancy. Hemoglobin on admission was 18.4 g/dl. Erythropoietin was 16.6 mIU/ml. One month after hysterectomy, her hemoglobin was 12.6 g/dl and her erythropoietin was 4.7 mIU/ml.ConclusionsCerebral vein thrombosis is a potential complication of uterine fibroids with erythrocytosis.

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