• Neurocritical care · Jun 2012

    Comparative Study

    Retrospective evaluation of nicardipine versus labetalol for blood pressure control in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

    • Amanda V Woloszyn, Karen J McAllen, Bryan E Figueroa, Robert S DeShane, and Jeffrey F Barletta.
    • Department of Pharmacy Services, University of Virginia Health System, PO Box 800674, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. avw2m@virginia.edu
    • Neurocrit Care. 2012 Jun 1;16(3):376-80.

    BackgroundAmerican Heart Association/American Stroke Association guidelines for management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) recommend blood pressure (BP) control, utilizing labetalol or nicardipine, but do not differentiate efficacy between the two agents. The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare BP control between labetalol and nicardipine in patients following aSAH.MethodsConsecutive adult patients admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis of SAH treated with labetalol or nicardipine were retrospectively identified. Patients were included if they received more than one bolus dose of labetalol or a nicardipine infusion for greater than 3 h. Patients were excluded if they were <18 years of age, experiencing an ICH, acute ischemic stroke or a TIA. Patients were stratified into two groups (labetalol vs. nicardipine) and data was collected for 72 h. The outcomes compared were time within goal mean arterial pressure (MAP), average MAP/patient, MAP variability, initial response to therapy, and treatment failure. Goal MAP was defined as 70-110 mmHg.ResultsThere were 103 patients evaluated (labetalol n = 43; nicardipine n = 60). Demographics and baseline MAP were similar between the two groups. Nicardipine was associated with a longer time within goal MAP (78 ± 24 vs. 58 ± 36 %, p = 0.001) and lower average MAP/patient (93 ± 11 vs. 106 ± 12 mmHg, p < 0.001). There was no difference in MAP variability between the nicardipine and labetalol groups (13 ± 5 mmHg vs. 11 ± 4 mmHg; p = 0.137). Nicardipine led to a more rapid response to therapy (F = 8.1; p = 0.005) and fewer treatment failures (0 vs. 28 %, p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur study showed nicardipine to be associated with superior BP control versus labetalol in aSAH.

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