• Kathrine Holte, Birthe Klarskov, Dorte Stig Christensen, Claus Lund, Kristine Grubbe Nielsen, Peter Bie, and Henrik Kehlet.
• Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Hvidovre University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark. kathrine.holte@dadlnet.dk
• Ann. Surg. 2004 Nov 1;240(5):892-9.

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of 2 levels of intraoperative fluid administration on perioperative physiology and outcome after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Summary Background DataIntraoperative fluid administration is variable as a result of limited knowledge of physiological and clinical effects of different fluid substitution regimens.MethodsIn a double-blind study, 48 ASA I-II patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomized to 15 mL/kg (group 1) or 40 mL/kg (group 2) intraoperative administration of lactated Ringer's solution (LR). All other aspects of perioperative management as well as preoperative fluid status were standardized. Primary outcome parameters were assessed repeatedly for the first 24 postoperative hours and included pulmonary function (spirometry), exercise capacity (submaximal treadmill test), cardiovascular hormonal responses, balance function, pain, nausea and vomiting, recovery, and hospital stay.ResultsIntraoperative administration of 40 mL/kg compared with 15 mL/kg LR led to significant improvements in postoperative pulmonary function and exercise capacity and a reduced stress response (aldosterone, antidiuretic hormone, and angiotensin II). Nausea, general well-being, thirst, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, and balance function were also significantly improved, as well as significantly more patients fulfilled discharge criteria and were discharged on the day of surgery with the high-volume fluid substitution.ConclusionsIntraoperative administration of 40 mL/kg compared with 15 mL/kg LR improves postoperative organ functions and recovery and shortens hospital stay after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

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