• AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Mar 2008

    Identification of the normal jugular foramen and lower cranial nerve anatomy: contrast-enhanced 3D fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition MR imaging.

    • I Davagnanam and S V Chavda.
    • Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. indran_davagnanam@yahoo.co.uk
    • AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2008 Mar 1;29(3):574-6.

    SummaryConventional imaging protocols are unable to visualize the intraforaminal/canalicular segments of the lower cranial nerves (IX-XII). On the basis of previous successful demonstration of individual cranial nerves within the cavernous sinus by constructive interference in steady-state MR imaging, we describe the use of contrast-enhanced 3D fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition MR imaging to demonstrate normal in vivo intraforaminal and canalicular segments of cranial nerves IX-XII in 10 patients by using a standardized imaging protocol.

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