• E A Ochroch and R M Levitan.
• Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
• Anesth. Analg. 2001 Jan 1;92(1):267-70.

AbstractActivation of the articulating laryngoscope and external laryngeal manipulation (ELM) improve laryngeal exposure during direct laryngoscopy. We used a head-mounted direct laryngoscopy imaging system and a previously validated scoring system for assessing laryngeal view (the percentage of glottic opening or POGO score) on 33 adult patients undergoing laryngoscopy. On each patient, we videotaped the initial laryngeal exposure (blade not activated), the view with activation of the blade, and the view with operator-directed external laryngeal manipulation. The video recordings were reviewed and the laryngeal view assessed with POGO scores. POGO scores improved with blade activation in 9/33 (27%) of patients vs 28/33 (85%) of patients with ELM. In nearly half of patients studied (16/33, 48%) POGO scores decreased with blade activation. We conclude that ELM is superior to articulating laryngoscope blade activation in improving POGO scores during laryngoscopy on adult patients in standard sniffing position. Using recordings from a direct laryngoscopy video system, we compared laryngeal views in 33 patients with a special articulating laryngoscope blade to views achieved by external laryngeal manipulation (pressing on the patient's neck). Laryngeal exposure, which is important for placement of tracheal tubes, was better with external laryngeal manipulation.

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