• Dean R Hess, Dhimiter Kondili, Edward Burns, Edward A Bittner, and Ulrich H Schmidt.
• Respiratory Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. dhess@partners.org
• J Crit Care. 2013 Aug 1;28(4):533.e9-15.

PurposeWe assessed the evolution of lung-protective ventilation strategies during anesthesia and identified factors associated with the selection of a nonprotective ventilation strategy.MethodsThis retrospective observational study covered a 5-year period from March 2006 to March 2011. It included 45575 adult patients who underwent intubation de novo in the operating room. We considered a tidal volume (VT) greater than 10 mL/kg of ideal body weight (IBW) and/or positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) less than 5 cm H2O as not lung protective. We evaluated the use of nonprotective ventilation strategies over time in men and women, by American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, and for elective vs emergent surgery.ResultsOver the duration of the study, there was a significant reduction in the percentage of patients receiving a VT greater than 10 mL/kg IBW (28.5%-16.3%, P < .001), zero PEEP (27.5%-18.2%, P < .001), and VT greater than 10 mL/kg IBW with PEEP less than 5 cm H2O (13.4%-8.0%, P < .001). The odds of receiving nonprotective ventilation were greater for women than for men, in the first year compared with the last year, and for elective compared with emergent surgery.ConclusionAlthough use of nonprotective ventilation decreased over time, an important percentage of patients continue to receive nonprotective ventilation.Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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