• Isr Med Assoc J · Jan 2010

    Respiratory syncytial virus-positive bronchiolitis in hospitalized infants is associated with thrombocytosis.

    • Efraim Bilavsky, Havatzelet Yarden-Bilavsky, Dror S Shouval, Naama Fisch, Ben-Zion Garty, Shai Ashkenazi, and Jacob Amir.
    • Department of Pediatrics C, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel. yoji@netvision.net.il
    • Isr Med Assoc J. 2010 Jan 1;12(1):39-41.

    BackgroundSecondary thrombocytosis is associated with a variety of clinical conditions, one of which is lower respiratory tract infection. However, reports on thrombocytosis induced by viral infections are scarce.ObjectivesTo assess the rate of thrombocytosis (platelet count > 500 x 10(9)/L) in hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis and to investigate its potential role as an early marker of respiratory syncytial virus infection.MethodsClinical data on 469 infants aged < or = 4 months who were hospitalized for bronchiolitis were collected prospectively and compared between RSV-positive and RSV-negative infants.ResultsThe rate of thrombocytosis was significantly higher in RSV-positive than RSV-negative infants (41.3% vs. 29.2%, P=0.031). The odds ratio of an infant with bronchiolitis and thrombocytosis to have a positive RSV infection compared to an infant with bronchiolitis and a normal platelet count was 1.7 (P= 0.023, 95% confidence interval 1.07-2.72). There was no significant difference in mean platelet count between the two groups.ConclusionsRSV-positive bronchiolitis in hospitalized young infants is associated with thrombocytosis.

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