• Pamela Holtzclaw Williams, Lynne S Nemeth, Jennifer E Sanner, and Lorraine Q Frazier.
• College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. wilpame@musc.edu
• Am. J. Crit. Care. 2013 Jul 1;22(4):320-7.

BackgroundHealth care delivery systems increasingly ask patients to contribute biological samples for future genomic-based health research during critical care admissions, as the result of genome-based research requirements of unprecedented large sample sizes. Few reports describe patients' perceptions and responses to actual biobanking approaches in clinical settings. A qualitative study was conducted to explore 568 cardiac care patients' explanations of why they declined to contribute their samples to a future genomic research biobank.ObjectivesTo (1) identify themes emerging from explanations for declining contribution to the research biobanking initiative and (2) determine how the content informs the stewardship conceptual framework that addresses evidence-based clinical ethics practices in genomic and genetic research biobanking.MethodsThis qualitative study used an analytic method that combines inductive and deductive approaches to identify themes in patients' explanations for declining to contribute to a research biobank initiative. The hybrid design has relevance to health services research that seeks to develop taxonomy, themes, and theory.ResultsInductive approaches showed that themes of intrusion and autonomy dominated explanations. Deductive approaches affirmed previously proposed elements of a stewardship conceptual framework that addresses ethics in biobanking.ConclusionResearch in understanding patients' perceptions can guide nursing and biobank practices in developing best practices.

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