• Graeme R Quest, Hilda Gaal, Gwen Clarke, and Susan Nahirniak.
• Transfusion Medicine, Edmonton Zone, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
• Transfusion. 2014 Dec 1;54(12):3088-91.

BackgroundTransfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a severe transfusion reaction that manifests as acute respiratory compromise within 6 hours of the infusion of blood products. Intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) is prepared from large pools of human plasma and is commonly administered in the outpatient setting for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. As a plasma-derived blood product, IVIG may also cause TRALI, although reports of this are exceedingly rare.Case ReportA 77-year-old female with common variable immune deficiency had been receiving IVIG since 1996 for infection prophylaxis. During a scheduled infusion, the patient developed hypertension and dyspnea, requiring increasing oxygen supplementation and subsequent intubation. Radiographic studies demonstrated the bilateral chest infiltrates, with no evidence of infection or circulatory overload. The patient was extubated after 24 hours and discharged several days later. The patient had not previously received this lot of IVIG and has since received further transfusions with different lot numbers of the same product without incident.ConclusionThis case report documents a case of TRALI after IVIG transfusion. While a very rare cause, this case furthers evidence that TRALI can occur after IVIG transfusion.© 2014 AABB.

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