• Mark F Berry, Mathias Worni, Xiaofei Wang, David H Harpole, Thomas A D'Amico, and Mark W Onaitis.
• Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. Electronic address: berry037@mc.duke.edu.
• Ann. Thorac. Surg. 2014 Jan 1;97(1):230-5.

BackgroundWe evaluated if sleeve lobectomy had worse survival compared with pneumonectomy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with N1 disease, which may be a risk factor for locoregional recurrence.MethodsPatients who underwent pneumonectomy or sleeve lobectomy without induction treatment for T2-3 N1 M0 NSCLC at a single institution from 1999 to 2011 were reviewed. Survival distribution was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method, and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate the effect of resection extent on survival.ResultsDuring the study period, 87 patients underwent pneumonectomy (52 [60%]) or sleeve lobectomy (35 [40%]) for T2-3 N1 M0 NSCLC. Pneumonectomy and sleeve lobectomy patients had similar mean ages (60.9 ± 10.7 vs 63.5 ± 12.7 years, p = 0.30), gender distribution (69.2% [36 of 52] vs 60.0% [21 of 35] male, p = 0.37), mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (66.3 ± 15.9 vs 63.5 ± 17.6, p = 0.47), stage (61.5% [32 of 52] vs 62.9% [22 of 35] stage II, p = 0.90), and tumor grade (51.9% [27 of 52] vs 31.4% [11 of 35] well/moderately differentiated, p = 0.17). Postoperative mortality (3.8% [2 of 52] vs 5.7% [2 of 35], p = 0.68) and median (interquartile range) length of stay (5 [4 to 7] vs 5 [4 to 7] days, p = 0.68) were similar between the two groups. The 3-year survival after pneumonectomy (46.8% [95% CI, 31.8% to 60.4%]) and sleeve lobectomy (65.2% [95% CI, 45.5% to 79.3%]) was not significantly different (p = 0.23). In multivariable survival analysis that included resection extent, age, stage, and grade, only increasing age predicted worse survival (hazard ratio, 1.03/year; p = 0.03).ConclusionsPerforming sleeve lobectomy instead of pneumonectomy for NSCLC with N1 nodal disease does not compromise long-term survival.Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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