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- Elaine Hughes.
- Faculty of Health, Edge Hill College of Higher Education, Liverpool. Hughese@edgehill.ac.uk
- Nurs Stand. 2004 Oct 13;19(5):43-51; quiz 53.
AbstractSurgery causes physiological stress on the body and carries inherent risks such as shock and haemorrhage. This article discusses cardiogenic and hypovolaemic shock and outlines the principles of safe and effective post-operative care, including recognising hypovolaemia, maintaining fluid balance and administering pain control.
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