• Yumiko Arai, Asuna Arai, and Steven H Zarit.
• Department of Gerontological Policy, National Institute for Longevity Sciences, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Aichi, Japan. yarai@nils.go.jp
• Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2008 Apr 1;23(4):433-8.

ObjectiveThe importance of early detection of dementia has been highlighted in recent years by the medical and scientific community; however, delays often occur between the recognition of signs or symptoms and a decision by the patient or family to seek professional help. Such delays may be caused by a lack of knowledge about dementia among patients and family members. The aim of this study was to determine the understanding of dementia among the general public.MethodsWe conducted a survey in Japan that asked 11 questions regarding knowledge of 'general' information, 'symptoms', and 'biomedical' issues related to dementia. A quota sampling method was used to select 2,500 participants, 2,115 of who were eligible for the analyses.ResultsThe average number of correct responses among females was significantly greater than that among the males. A multiple comparisons test demonstrated that middle-aged women were more knowledgeable than younger and older respondents. It was revealed that there was a lack of knowledge on biomedical aspects of dementia, i.e. cause, treatment, and prognosis along with a misunderstanding of dementia as senescence forgetfulness among the general public.ConclusionsThere appeared to be gaps in knowledge on dementia among the general public, which may prevent caregivers from planning upcoming social and financial challenges. Correct information needs to be given by health professionals and care staff. Educational initiatives planned for the general public could be useful, and should target those groups, men and non-middle aged women who have lower knowledge.

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