• L Joos, L Docx, L Schmaal, B G C Sabbe, and G Dom.
• PC Broeders Alexianen, Boechout, Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium. leen.joos@ua.ac.be
• Tijdschr Psychiatr. 2010 Jan 1;52(11):763-73.

BackgroundFor more than two decades psychiatrists have known about and have promoted modafinil, a very promising stimulant that boosts wakefulness in cases of narcolepsy and also enhances cognitive functions. At present, however, we must conclude that modafinil is hardly ever used to treat illness other than narcolepsy.AimTo review current attitudes and practice with regard to the use and efficacy of modafinil in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.MethodRelevant placebo-controlled studies were retrieved via PubMed (Medline) and Web of Science.ResultsModafinil is used experimentally to treat ADHD, mood disorders, schizophrenia and substance-dependence. Compared to placebo, modafinil achieves positive but mainly variable results on different clinical and cognitive measures. It achieves results very rapidly, within a week, but over a period of time the results stabilise.ConclusionModafinil is particularly successful in the treatment of ADHD, depression and cocaine-dependency on measures of attention and hyperactivity, fatigue and cocaine-use respectively. There is a need for further placebo-controlled trials with longer follow-up periods and larger sample size in order to ensure the safety of the product and to refine its area of efficacy.

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