• C J Wiedermann.
• Abteilung für Innere Medizin, Zentralkrankenhaus Bozen, Italien. christian.wiedermann@asbz.it
• Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2011 Sep 1;106(1):53-64; quiz 65-6.

AbstractFor critically ill patients with hypovolemia, volume replacement therapy is important to maintain sufficient tissue perfusion and oxygenation. Nearly all patients receive crystalloids and often additionally colloids. The advantages of the former are low costs, immediate availability, the ability to fill both the intravascular and extravascular fluid spaces and a non-allergenic potential. Administration of excessive fluid with extravasation can, however, be a problem with crystalloids and promotes the formation of tissue edema, particularly with large volumes. Colloids are more efficient volume expanders and tissue edema can be avoided. The disadvantages compared to crystalloids are the higher costs and the risk of rare but potentially severe anaphylactic reactions. Artificial colloids (hydroxyethyl starch) are cheaper than the natural colloid albumin but the safety profile is less favorable.

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