• Didem Dal, Onur Tetik, Hanife Altunkaya, Ozlem Tetik, and Mahmut Nedim Doral.
• Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
• Arthroscopy. 2004 Mar 1;20(3):300-5.

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to compare the postoperative analgesic effects of intra-articularly administered ketamine, neostigmine, and bupivacaine after outpatient arthroscopic surgery.Type Of StudyProspective, randomized, double-blind, clinical study.MethodsIn this study, 60 patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery other than ligament reconstruction were evaluated for postoperative pain. Ketamine, neostigmine, and bupivacaine were administered intra-articularly. The period of effective analgesia, recorded in minutes, was measured between time 0 and first usage of patient-controlled anesthesia (PCA) by the patients. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used to describe the pain level of the patient.ResultsVAS values were lower for the 3 medication groups compared with the placebo at rest and 90 degrees knee flexion. Intra-articular administration of 0.5 mg/kg ketamine provided longer duration of analgesia as defined by the first PCA use time (P <.05). The total amount of pethidine and analgesia time were longer for the 3 medication groups.ConclusionsOur basic finding was reduction in postoperative pain and consumption of adequate analgesic drugs with intra-articular ketamine, bupivacaine, or neostigmine use. We have not seen any psychomimetic side effects, particularly as seen with higher doses or systemic use. This study may conclude that intra-articular administration of ketamine provides long-lasting and effective analgesia, similar to neostigmine but less effective than bupivacaine after knee arthroscopy without any adverse effects. LEVEL OF EVEIDENCE: Level I.

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