• Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol · Jul 2002

    Review

    Rheumatic fever and post-streptococcal arthritis.

    • Maria Odete E Hilário and Maria Teresa S L R A Terreri.
    • Alameda dos Anapurus, 1370 ap 144, 04087-004 São Paulo, Brazil.
    • Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2002 Jul 1;16(3):481-94.

    AbstractRheumatic fever resulting from group A beta-haemolytic Streptococcus infection continues to be a prevalent disease and an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Molecular mimicry and CD4 T lymphocytes, interleukins and adhesion molecules play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Arthritis, followed by carditis and chorea, are the main manifestations of the disease. Evidence of asymptomatic carditis has been increasing; however, abnormality identified by echo-Doppler evaluation is not considered as a criterion for diagnosis of rheumatic carditis. Benzathine penicillin is still the best therapeutic option for the treatment of streptococcal infection and secondary prophylaxis, due to its efficacy and low cost.

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