• Expert Opin Pharmacother · Aug 2014

    Review

    Guanfacine extended release for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents.

    • Daniel F Connor, Amy F T Arnsten, Geraldine S Pearson, and Gabriella F Greco.
    • University of Connecticut School of Medicine and Health Care Center, Department of Psychiatry/MC1410 , 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, 06030-1410 CT , USA +1 860 679 2730 ; +1 860 679 4326 ; dconnor@uchc.edu.
    • Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2014 Aug 1;15(11):1601-10.

    IntroductionGuanfacine extended release (GXR) is a selective α(2A)-adrenoreceptor agonist originally developed as an antihypertensive agent and now FDA approved for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as monotherapy and as adjunctive to psychostimulants in children and adolescents 6-17 years old.Areas CoveredSearch of the PubMed and PsycInfo databases from 1990 to 2014 using the search term 'guanfacine'. Studies selected for review were either controlled or open trials of guanfacine or GXR. Shire Pharmaceuticals, Inc. was contacted and supplied a synopsis of all available ADHD studies on GXR for review.Expert OpinionGXR is an evidence-based treatment for ADHD in children and adolescents. Because this compound has a smaller effect size than psychostimulants for the symptoms of ADHD, it is generally considered a second-line treatment after the psychostimulants or in combination with psychostimulants. Evidence for efficacy is more robust in children than for adolescents. Because of its pharmacodynamic actions in prefrontal cortex, GXR shows considerable promise for other behavioral conditions frequently comorbid with ADHD and potential promise for emotional and behavioral dysregulation secondary to traumatic stress.

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