• Sung-Hyun Cho, Kyung Ja June, Yun Mi Kim, Yong Ae Cho, Cheong Suk Yoo, Sung-Cheol Yun, and Young Hee Sung.
• Department of Nursing, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
• J Clin Nurs. 2009 Jun 1;18(12):1729-37.

AimTo examine the relationship between nurse staffing and nurse-rated quality of nursing care and job outcomes.BackgroundNurse staffing has been reported to influence patient and nurse outcomes.DesignA cross-sectional study with a survey conducted August-October 2007.MethodsThe survey included 1365 nurses from 65 intensive care units in 22 hospitals in Korea. Staffing was measured using two indicators: the number of patients per nurse measured at the unit level and perception of staffing adequacy at the nurse level. Quality of care and job dissatisfaction were measured with a four-point scale and burnout measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to determine the relationships between staffing and quality of care and job outcomes.ResultsThe average patient-to-nurse ratio was 2.8 patients per nurse. A fifth of nurses perceived that there were enough nurses to provide quality care, one third were dissatisfied, half were highly burnt out and a quarter planned to leave in the next year. Nurses were more likely to rate quality of care as high when they cared for two or fewer patients (odds ratio, 3.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.14-9.31) or 2.0-2.5 patients (odds ratio, 2.44; 95% confidence interval, 1.32-4.52), compared with having more than three patients. Perceived adequate staffing was related to a threefold increase (odds ratio, 2.97; 95% confidence interval, 2.22-3.97) in the odds of nurses' rating high quality and decreases in the odds of dissatisfaction (odds ratio, 0.30; 95% confidence interval, 0.23-0.40), burnout (odds ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.34-0.73) and plan to leave (odds ratio, 0.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.28-0.56).ConclusionsNurse staffing was associated with quality of care and job outcomes in the context of Korean intensive care units.Relevance To Clinical PracticeAdequate staffing must be assured to achieve better quality of care and job outcomes.

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