• Nicolas K K King, Jin Li Lai, Li Bing Tan, Kah Keow Lee, Boon Chuan Pang, Ivan Ng, and Ernest Wang.
• Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433, Singapore. nicolas_kon@nni.com.sg
• J Clin Neurosci. 2012 Jul 1;19(7):961-4.

AbstractIntraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) occurring after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is an independent risk factor for mortality. The use of intraventricular urokinase (Uk) to reduce intraventricular blood clot volume and improve outcome was investigated. Patients with IVH requiring external ventricular drainage were recruited and randomized into a double-blind placebo controlled study. Assessments of collected cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) haemoglobin (Hb) and serial CT scans were performed. The study outcomes were: infection rates, length of stay in the intensive care unit, survival, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score; and modified Rankin Scale scores. Our results showed an increase in both the drained CSF Hb concentration in patients treated with Uk compared to placebo and in the rate of resolution clot volume. No differences were found in the other outcome measures but there was a trend towards lowered mortality in the group treated with Uk. Therefore, intraventricular Uk resulted in faster resolution of IVH with no adverse events.Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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