• Leen Van Beek, Jolijn Vanderauwera, Pol Ghesquière, Lieven Lagae, and Bert De Smedt.
• a Parenting and Special Education, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium .
• Brain Inj. 2015 Jan 1; 29 (13-14): 1701-10.

Primary ObjectivePaediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been associated with acute and long-term mathematical difficulties. Little is known about the recovery of these impairments in children with mild TBI (mTBI) and their underlying pathophysiology, such as white matter abnormalities.Research DesignA prospective longitudinal study followed the recovery of mathematical abilities and white matter in children with mTBI from the sub-acute (1 month post-injury) to chronic stage (6-8 months post-injury) of recovery.Methods And ProceduresTwenty children with mTBI and 20 matched controls completed mathematics tests. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) metrics of white matter pathways corpus callosum (CC), superior and longitudinal fasciculi were examined with DTI-tractography.Main Outcomes And ResultsMathematical difficulties and white matter abnormalities in the CC observed shortly after the injury resolved after 6-8 months of recovery. Children with mTBI continued to show working memory deficits. Longitudinal DTI data suggest continued maturation of the CC in controls, but little maturation of the damaged CC in children with mTBI.ConclusionsChildren with mTBI recovered in terms of mathematical abilities and white matter. These children continued to show working memory deficits, which might interfere with learning at school.

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