• Y Ding, M Li, L Chen, Q Zhang, A Jiang, and Y Chi.
• Department of Anaesthesiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University School of Medicine, 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Yantai 264000, China.
• Niger J Clin Pract. 2015 Mar 1;18(2):256-62.

IntroductionThe combination of reduced dose of local anesthetics (LA) and highly lipid-soluble synthetic opioids for patients undergoing transurethral surgery could reduce block duration and side-effects. However, it remains unclear what are the most appropriate levels of low dose and the extent to which the side-effects could be controlled. A meta-analysis was conducted to address this concern.Materials And MethodsBased on twelve randomized controlled trials, this meta-analysis pooled previous results to generate integrated evidence.ResultsCombined low dose of LA and opioids had similar sensory block and significantly shorter motor block duration (weighted mean difference: -39.31 min, 95% confidence interval (CI): -50.58--28.05, P < 0.00001) compared with single use of LA. There was no evidence of higher risk of analgesic failure in the combination group. In addition, combined low dose LA and opioids was associated with significantly reduced rate of postoperative hypotension (risk ratios (RR): 0.60, 95% CI: 0.37-0.96, P = 0.03) and shivering (RR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.11-0.64, P = 0.003), but with higher rate of sedation (RR: 3.14, 95% CI: 1.02-9.66, P = 0.05).ConclusionCombined low dose LA and opioids is a better choice for patients received transurethral surgery compared with single use of intrathecal LA.

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