• Chien-Cheng Huang, Shu-Chun Kuo, Tsair-Wei Chien, Hung-Jung Lin, How-Ran Guo, Wei-Lung Chen, Jiann-Hwa Chen, Su-Hen Chang, and Shih-Bin Su.
• Department of Emergency Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan.
• Am J Emerg Med. 2013 May 1; 31 (5): 830-4.

BackgroundWe investigated independent mortality predictors of hyperglycemic crises and developed a prediction rule for emergency and critical care physicians to classify patients into mortality risk and disposition groups.MethodsThis study was done in a university-affiliated medical center. Consecutive adult patients (> 18 years old) visiting the emergency department (ED) between January 2004 and December 2010 were enrolled when they met the criteria of a hyperglycemic crisis. Data were separated into derivation and validation sets-the former were used to predict the latter. December 31, 2008, was the cutoff date. Thirty-day mortality was the primary endpoint.ResultsWe enrolled 295 patients who made 330 visits to the ED: derivation set = 235 visits (25 deaths: 10.6%), validation set = 95 visits (10 deaths: 10.5%). We found 6 independent mortality predictors: Absent tachycardia, Hypotension, Anemia, Severe coma, Cancer history, and Infection (AHA.SCI). After assigning weights to each predictor, we developed a Predicting Hyperglycemic crisis Death (PHD) score that stratifies patients into mortality-risk and disposition groups: low (0%) (95% CI, 0-0.02%): treatment in a general ward or the ED; intermediate (24.5%) (95% CI, 14.8-39.9%): the intensive care unit or a general ward; and high (59.5%) (95% CI, 42.2-74.8%): the intensive care unit. The area under the curve for the rule was 0.946 in the derivation set and 0.925 in the validation set.ConclusionsThe PHD score is a simple and rapid rule for predicting 30-day mortality and classifying mortality risk and disposition in adult patients with hyperglycemic crises.Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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