• Mahkam Tavallaee, Michel R Joffres, Stephen J Corber, Mana Bayanzadeh, and Mahnaz Mahmoudi Rad.
• Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada. mtavalla@sfu.ca
• J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 2011 May 1;37(5):442-51.

AimTo estimate the prevalence of dysmenorrhea in Iranian women and investigate associated risk factors.Material & MethodsIn a cross-sectional study in Tehran, Iran in 2007, 381 women (81% response rate, age 16-56 years) were selected through a stratified random sample of 22 different districts and completed a questionnaire about dysmenorrhea. Descriptive statistics, spearman rank correlation statistic, and ordinal logistic regression models were used. Confounding and effect-modification were explored for each association.ResultsThe prevalence of no, mild, moderate, and severe menstrual pain was 10%, 41%, 28%, and 22%, respectively. Older age and high intake of fruits and vegetables were protective factors for menstrual pain while women with family history of dysmenorrhea, higher stress and depression tended to have more severe pain. Body mass index, parity, smoking, and physical activity were not significantly associated with dysmenorrhea after controlling for potential confounding factors and effect modifiers.ConclusionMenstrual pain is a common complaint in Iranian women. The inverse association between fruit and vegetable intake and dysmenorrhea, and reduction of stress and depression need to be further explored and considered in terms of recommendation to reduce dysmenorrhea.© 2011 The Authors. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research © 2011 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

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