• Mukul Padhye, Savina Gupta, Girish Chandiramani, and Rati Bali.
• Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Padmashree Dr. D Y Patil Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India.
• Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2011 Dec 1;112(6):e39-43.

BackgroundRoutine use of posterior superior alveolar (PSA) nerve block or maxillary infiltration for the removal of maxillary molars has been validated.ObjectiveThe present study was undertaken to determine the relative contribution of posterior superior alveolar (PSA) block in cases of anesthesia required for maxillary molars.Study DesignOne hundred patients requiring removal of maxillary second and third molars were enrolled. These patients were divided into 2 groups. One group received infiltration for anesthesia and other group received PSA nerve block using lignocaine with vasoconstrictor. All extractions were performed using a consistent technique of intraalveolar extraction. Data relating to the pain during extraction obtained on a visual analog scale and a verbal response scale, requirement of repeated injection for anesthesia, efficacy of these injections in localized infections, and requirement of rescue analgesics 3 hours after extraction.ResultsStatistical data confirmed clinical equivalence between infiltration and PSA nerve block.ConclusionsConsidering the difficulty in mastering the technique of PSA nerve block, and the possibility of more complications associated with it (compared with infiltration); it may not be necessary for anesthesia of maxillary molars.Copyright © 2011 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

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