• Heino Stass, Kevin Corkery, Dennis Gribben, and Michael A Eldon.
• Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany. heino.stass@bayer.com
• J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2011 Aug 1;24(4):191-9.

UnlabelledAbstract Background: BAY41-6551, a drug-device combination in development for adjunctive treatment of Gram-negative pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients, consists of amikacin formulated for inhalation coupled with the Pulmonary Drug Delivery System (PDDS) Clinical aerosol delivery platform. This study evaluated safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of BAY41-6551 in subjects with chronic kidney disease (CKD).MethodsSingle doses of BAY41-6551 (400 mg amikacin) were administered using the PDDS Clinical handheld device to six subjects with mild-to-moderate (Group 1) and six subjects with severe renal impairment (Group 2). Seven subjects with end-stage renal disease (ESRD; Group 3) received single doses of BAY41-6551 on days 1 and 9, with hemodialysis (HD) scheduled 24 h postdose on day 1 and 3 h postdose on day 9. PK analysis was performed on serum, urine, and dialysate samples (Group 3).ResultsIndividual serum amikacin concentrations in Groups 1 and 2 were below 6 mg/L at all times [mean maximum serum drug concentration (C(max)) 0.94 mg/L and 2.46 mg/L, respectively). In Group 3, serum amikacin concentrations decreased after each HD session, and amikacin area under the serum concentration-time curve from zero to 72 h (AUC(72)) and C(max) values were lower on day 9 than on day 1 (mean AUC(72) 71.5 mg · h/L vs. 151.5 mg · h/L; mean C(max) 2.09 mg/L vs. 6.16 mg/L). The amounts of amikacin removed by HD and the dialysate clearance rates were similar on days 1 and 9. No serious adverse events were reported.ConclusionsSingle doses of BAY41-6551 were well tolerated in subjects with CKD. HD effectively removed amikacin from serum in subjects with ESRD, and the timing relative to BAY41-6551 administration was an important determinant of systemic amikacin exposure. Nevertheless, standard precautionary measures for intravenous amikacin should apply for patients receiving BAY41-6551, and dose adjustments and/or dialysis should be considered for subjects with severe renal impairment.

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