• Charllyany Sabino Custódio, Bruna Stefânia Ferreira Mello, Rafaela Carneiro Cordeiro, Fernanda Yvelize Ramos de Araújo, João Henrique Chaves, Silvânia Maria Mendes Vasconcelos, Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior, Francisca Cléa Florenço de Sousa, Mariana Lima Vale, André Férrer Carvalho, and Danielle Silveira Macêdo.
• Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
• Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2013 Aug 5;713(1-3):31-8.

AbstractThe systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces time-dependent behavioral alterations, which are related to sickness behavior and depression. The time-course effects of LPS on prepulse inhibition (PPI) remain unknown. Furthermore, the time-dependent effects of LPS on central nitrite content had not been investigated. Therefore, we studied alterations induced by single LPS (0.5mg/kg, i.p.) administration to mice on parameters, such as PPI, depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors, working memory, locomotor activity and motor coordination, 1.5 and 24h post-LPS administration. IL-1β and TNFα in the blood and brain as well as brain nitrite levels were evaluated in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HC) and striatum (ST). An overall hypolocomotion was observed 1.5h post-LPS, along with depressive-like behaviors and deficits in working memory. Increments in IL-1β content in plasma and PFC, TNFα in plasma and decreases in nitrite levels in the ST and PFC were also verified. Twenty-four hours post-LPS treatment, depressive-like behaviors and working memory deficits persisted, while PPI levels significantly reduced along with increases in IL-1β content in the PFC and a decrease in nitrite levels in the HC, ST and PFC. Our data demonstrate that a delayed increase (i.e., 24h post-LPS) in PPI levels ensue, which may be useful behavioral parameter for LPS-induced depression. A decrease in nitrergic neurotransmission was associated with these behavioral findings.Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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