• Janne Henrik Liisanantti, Pasi Ohtonen, Outi Kiviniemi, Jouko J Laurila, and Tero I Ala-Kokko.
• Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology, Oulu University Hospital, PO BOX 21, FIN-90029 Oulu, Finland. janne.liisanantti@ppshp.fi
• J Crit Care. 2011 Apr 1;26(2):160-5.

BackgroundThe share of patients receiving intensive care treatment because of acute drug poisoning is 2% to 14% of all patients receiving intensive care. The outcome is mainly good and the length of intensive care is usually less than 2 days. Our aim was to recognize the risks for prolonged intensive care and hospital mortality using admission Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scoring in acute drug-poisoned patients.MethodsA national, prospectively collected intensive care unit (ICU) data registry was used for analysis. Data from 28 ICUs in university and secondary nonteaching hospitals from 1998 to 2004 were available.ResultsThere were 255 admissions because of acute drug poisoning, which represented 4.5% of all admissions. The mean length of the ICU stay was 32.1 hours. Of the patients, 11.5% had a prolonged ICU stay (>48 hours). Hospital mortality was 2.3%. The mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score was 14.4 (SD, 8.1) and the mean Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score was 4.8 (SD, 3.0). The mean Glasgow Coma Scale score on admission was 9.7 (SD, 4.7). In the multivariate analysis, the highest odds ratios for prolonged ICU stay were respiratory failure, lowered platelet count, and renal dysfunction. In the multivariate analysis, the highest odds ratios for hospital mortality were respiratory failure, renal failure, and hypotension.ConclusionsIn acute intoxication, respiratory and renal dysfunction and failure are risk factors for poor outcome.Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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