• Tomoko Kobayashi, Kazuyo Yamauchi, Yusuke Matsuura, Kazuki Kuniyoshi, Kazuhisa Takahashi, and Seiji Ohtori.
• Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan. Electronic address: kobayashi.ortho@gmail.com.
• J Hand Surg Am. 2015 Oct 1; 40 (10): 2017-25.

PurposeTo investigate the effect of intraperitoneal administration of an anti-p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) antibody on reducing neuropathic pain in a rat model of brachial plexus avulsion (BPA).MethodsWe randomly assigned 40 male Wistar rats to 4 groups. In the BPA group, the C8-T1 roots were avulsed from the spinal cord at the lower trunk level, and saline was administered intraperitoneally. In the anti-p75NTR groups, 1 μL or 50 μL anti-p75NTR antibody was administered intraperitoneally after avulsion. In the sham-operated group, the lower trunk level was exposed, and saline was administered intraperitoneally. Mechanical hyperalgesia and pain-induced walking patterns were measured using von Frey filaments and CatWalk gait analysis at various time points until 15 days after administration. At 3 and 15 days after administration, sensory neurons involved in pain perception and satellite glial cells in the ipsilateral C7 dorsal root ganglia were immunolabeled with antibodies against calcitonin gene-related peptide and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), respectively. At both time points, microglial and astrocyte activation, indicative of spinal pain transmission, were immunohistochemically examined in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the spinal cord (C7) using anti-ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 and anti-GFAP antibodies, respectively.ResultsThe gait pattern was significantly improved in both anti-p75NTR groups compared with the BPA group. There were significantly fewer calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive (IR) neurons, neurons encircled by GFAP-IR satellite glial cells, and GFAP-IR astrocytes in both anti-p75NTR groups compared with the BPA group at both time points. Fewer ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1-IR microglia were quantified in both anti-p75NTR groups compared with the BPA group, but this was only significant at 15 days after administration.ConclusionsSystemic application of the p75NTR inhibitory antibody suppressed neuropathic pain after BPA.Clinical Relevancep75NTR may be a potential therapeutic target for the clinical treatment of neuropathic pain in BPA injury.Copyright © 2015 American Society for Surgery of the Hand. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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