• Heart · Sep 2014

    Increased risk of coronary heart disease in patients with chronic osteomyelitis: a population-based study in a cohort of 23 million.

    • Lien-Cheng Hsiao, Chih-Hsin Muo, Yu-Ching Chen, Che-Yi Chou, Chun-Hung Tseng, and Kuan-Cheng Chang.
    • Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
    • Heart. 2014 Sep 15;100(18):1450-4.

    ObjectivesChronic inflammatory disease may trigger vascular atherosclerosis. This study aimed to determine whether chronic osteomyelitis (COM) is linked to an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD).MethodsA national insurance claim dataset of more than 23 million enrolees was used to identify 15 054 patients with newly diagnosed COM and 60 216 randomly selected age-matched and gender-matched controls between 2001 and 2009 for comparing the risk and incidence of CHD. The study period was from the entry date to the first date of the following events: the diagnosis of CHD, death, withdrawal from the Taiwan National Health Insurance programme or the end of 2010. The analysis of the CHD risk was performed using Cox proportional hazards regression model.ResultsDuring a follow-up period of 67 927 person-years, the overall incidence rate of CHD in COM cohort was 1.95 times higher than non-COM cohort (16.66 vs 8.52 per 1000 person-years). After controlling age, gender and four comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and stroke), the risk remained significantly higher in the COM cohort than the control group (adjusted HR=1.65, 95% CI 1.54 to 1.78, p<0.001). In age-stratified analysis, the younger population had a stronger association between COM and CHD risk than the elderly (from HR=3.42, 95% CI 1.60 to 7.32 in age <35 to HR  1.39, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.68 in age ≥80).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that COM is an independent risk factor for CHD, particularly in the younger population. Further studies are necessary to explore the underlying mechanisms linking COM and CHD.Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.

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